What is the difference between freight and express delivery?

In daily life, we always hear the comparison between freight and express delivery, "Why is freight so slow, look at express delivery, it will arrive today, how fast is it". In fact, the essence of international freight and express delivery is still very different in many places. It is not simply summed up with only one quick word, and it is not enough to measure the difference between the two from one quick word. From the operation of freight and express delivery to the requirements of their respective service groups, they are very different, and their needs are completely different. There are obvious differences between freight companies and express companies.



First, time difference
Time difference can be divided into: internal and external. Internal mainly refers to the loading and unloading time, network path connection time, transit time in the warehouse, etc. established within the enterprise; external mainly refers to many problems that affect the time difference between departure and delivery, such as problems with the vehicle itself on the way or encountering force majeure. The reasons for accidents, road closures, etc.; the main time differences are as follows:

1. Interconnection time of internal lines:
The transshipment center of the freight enterprise, the operation line is divided into the main line and the branch line. The operation time of the branch line is completely connected with the time of the main line. This is an extremely strict docking time. Whether each main network line can be dispatched on time, and the goods of each branch line are timely. To catch up with the departure of the main network, this time point often needs to be both planned and achievable, with strict control and consistent timeliness.

2. The punctuality of the operation time of the internal transfer center:
Whether each arriving vehicle can be unloaded and loaded within the specified time, the punctuality of loading and unloading vehicles and the punctuality rate of departure are all tests of the operation ability of the internal transfer center, from 9.6 meters to 12.5 meters to 16.5 meters, The operating time of each vehicle is subject to standard requirements and recorded for assessment.

3. Punctuality of trunk capacity:
The punctuality rate of vehicles on the trunk line directly affects the quality of the delivered products, and it also directly tests the ability of the next link to operate. Domestic vehicles and imported vehicles, high-speed and national roads affect the efficiency of the transit to a certain extent. Therefore, the trunk line The punctuality of shipping capacity is also a major factor affecting whether products can be delivered on time.

4. Tools for delivery:
The main delivery tools of freight forwarding companies are cars, and small trucks are used for distribution. In some cities, there are paths where trucks are prohibited. Therefore, there are many restrictions on the vehicles of freight forwarding companies during distribution. Most of them are delivered by electric vehicles. The speed is fast and the urban area is flexible. The delivery of small items is timely and accurate, and there are no road restrictions.

5. Traffic conditions during delivery:
The vehicles of freight companies are afraid of traffic jams on the way of delivery. The traffic conditions on the road determine the time of the freight forwarders in the delivery process. The morning and evening rush hours in many cities are nightmares for freight companies; express company vehicles are rarely delivered on the way. The truck or Iveco basically avoided the traffic jam or half avoided it when it arrived at the point. At the same time, on the way from the point to the door and then to the building, the traffic jam would basically not affect the distribution efficiency, because its distribution tools in this link are superior. In many cases, the end service can make up for the mistakes of the previous paragraph.

6. The optimal delivery path:
When the freight company is delivering, it basically arranges the order (electronic arrangement, manual correction) the night before. The purpose is to carry out or complete the delivery task with the best route, but the service scope of each vehicle is limited, and the efficiency Not high; express companies come with one car, land, electric cars are concentrated, and one point is completed to complete the landing distribution task. Each courier has a fixed service area. After the distribution, the delivery can begin, and the efficiency is relatively high.


II. Differences in service groups
The service groups and objects of international freight and express delivery are very different. The groups of freight services are mainly manual workshops, small and medium-sized enterprises, and large-scale enterprises. The requirements are relatively strict, and there are different standard requirements for each link of the goods; express delivery Most of the enterprises are mainly individuals or small goods in the enterprise. The customers are slightly less strict, but only require fast, punctual and excellent prices.

1. Individual owner:
The cargo sent by the freight company to the individual is basically about 50 kilograms of goods, and there are few small pieces of goods; on the contrary, the express company is the opposite, the main body is the individual owner, especially the small parcels after the rise of e-commerce. Mainly letters and small commodities.

2. Small and medium enterprises:
The main customer groups of freight companies, the main body of multiple tickets and multiple pieces, some have a fixed-term settlement cycle, and this part will also choose express delivery when there are special transportation requirements, such as samples.

3. Medium and large enterprises:
The large customer group of freight companies. Most of these large companies are contract customers and settlement customers of freight companies. They have full-time service personnel and fixed service resources. Through the distribution of freight companies, the express industry mainly focuses on special transportation, except for samples, for example, some items that require faster time will choose express companies.

4. Enterprises in special industries (such as pharmacies, hospitals, bookstores, e-commerce companies, supermarket companies):
This part of the industry is basically half of the express industry and the freight company. For example, medicine, which is a highly specialized industry, is basically transported by freight companies that focus on pharmaceutical logistics, such as Sinopharm, Chinese, Jiuzhoutong, etc. At the same time Express delivery is also the main body of e-commerce drug transportation. At present, 11 home appliance pharmacies in China are mainly express delivery.


III. Differences in service requirements
Due to the differences of service groups, their service needs are very different. These service needs are where the real value is reflected. Freight and express delivery have their own capabilities in this field, and strive to achieve the best customer satisfaction. At the same time, according to different service needs, formulate targeted service specifications and operations. Code.

1. Common requirements:
Most of the requirements for express delivery are ordinary, basic needs, door-to-door delivery, signature, feedback of receipt information, etc. This is basically the same as the three or less small customers in the freight company.

2. Some requirements:
Many customers of less-than-truckload logistics companies will have some requirements, except for normal unloading, moving to the door, and then placing the code in a standardized area, adding the original signed documents to return, and feeding back service information in real time. This is also reflected in some fast, but The specific requirements are not as strict as shipping.

3. Specification requirements:
The receiving requirements of some enterprise customers of LTL logistics are very standardized. On-site verification, fireproof cover is installed, goods are unloaded to pallets, placed in the specified area, signed and signed, and the electronic scanned copy of the signed receipt is returned on the same day, and the original is returned at the specified time, but some express delivery Customers have very little demand for this.

4. Customization requirements:
Many less-than-truckload customers have some customized needs in terms of receipt, such as delivery within the specified time, the delivery requirements are higher than the specification requirements, delivery to the shelf, full service node feedback, customized professional service personnel are responsible.

5. Professional requirements:
Some customers of the freight company require more professional than customization when signing for receipt. They require barcode specifications, unpacking and inspection, stacking shelves one by one, goods in different areas according to batches and types, and return within a specified time after signing the order. , and feedback the receipt information in real time when signing.


Four, efficiency differences
The difference in efficiency between international freight and express delivery is not only reflected in the efficiency of picking up and transferring goods, the efficiency of transshipment, the efficiency of loading and unloading vehicles, etc., but also the following efficiencies:

1. Difference in total delivery tickets:
The number of delivery tickets for a single person on a bicycle varies greatly. The number of single delivery tickets for a logistics company is about 11, but the average value of a bicycle (electric vehicle) for express delivery is 70. What concept! The difference in the number of delivery tickets is fully reflected.

2. Poor number of delivery bills:
With such a large difference in the number of delivery tickets, the difference in the number of delivery pieces is even greater. The average delivery value of international freight is 11 tickets, which may be more than 100 pieces, at least dozens of pieces, but if the express delivery day The average number of votes is 70 votes, it is possible that there are 70-80 pieces of goods, and Z more than 80 pieces of goods, which is a big difference in delivery.

3. The waiting time difference of the next consignee:
According to different customer needs, the recipients in the delivery have their own differences in the waiting time. The customers of the freight company basically complete the receipt within a fixed working time when signing for receipt, and have a full-time person in charge to sign for the receipt. , but the receiving customers of express delivery basically receive the goods in real time, there is no waiting time, and there is no need for a full-time sign-off. The delivery is delivered to the door, as long as the goods are received. Compared with freight, this is also a current one. big difference.


V. Differences in the number of service employees and management
Freight and express delivery are both labor-intensive industries that rely on people to operate 24 hours a day without interruption. They are both industries with large demand and strong liquidity. It can be said that they recruit people every year and lack people every year. Labor costs are also an industry that is currently rising rapidly.

1. Differences in the number of personnel and management:
In the process of express delivery, basically one electric vehicle is used by each person, so there are many employees engaged in express delivery in various places. However, due to the particularity of the express delivery industry, many service outlets adopt the franchise model, so delivery at the end of express delivery. There is a big difference in personnel management. Except for the direct sales model of SF Express, the others are basically managed by the delivery network. In many express companies, the courier is basically not involved in the management, and the franchise is responsible for it. However, the main body of the freight enterprise is directly operated and occupies the main body. At present, in the industry, except for Aneng and card banks, franchisees are adopted. In addition, the others are all direct sales models, so there are great differences in quantity and management.

2. Differences in service control:
Since their respective industries have different representatives, except for the direct sales of SF Express, the others are franchisees from all over the world, and some are also being withdrawn into direct sales, and the same is true for freight. The service outlets of freight companies are all directly-operated stores, so there are great differences in their service management and control capabilities and service standards, and their respective KPI assessments are also completely different. In emergency service handling, customer satisfaction, There are differences in the extended services for customers, and the management and control capabilities of each company are completely different, and there are greater differences in the degree of response.

3. Differences in service outlets:
Among the freight companies, only Debon has more than 4,000 service outlets, and the others are all below 1,500. Therefore, there are still blind spots and shortcomings in the coverage of services, but the express delivery industry has already completed its service outlets. Explosive freight has surpassed freight in terms of service coverage and service docking capabilities (regardless of direct sales and franchise models). This difference is to a certain extent thanks to the emergence of e-commerce and the strong market demand.